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Tactische puzzle

Gegevens: Geschreven door Hans Koonings; Gepubliceerd: 27 februari 2021

[Event "?"] [Site "?"] [Date "????.??.??"] [Round "?"] [White "Seirawan"] [Black "van Wely"] [Result "*"] [SetUp "1"] [FEN "r7/2pq1rbk/ppnpb1pn/3NppBp/1PP1P2P/P2P1PP1/3QN1B1/2R2RK1 b - - 0 17"]  {In deze stelling speelde Loek van Wely met Zwart 17... a5? Dit is een tactische fout, maar heel moeilijk te zien. Yasser Seirawan met Wit zag het wel. Zien jullie het ook? De oplossing vind je als je klikt op de puntjes (...) boven de partijstelling. Eerst moet je het tactische motief vinden. Kijk goed. Ik verklap het motief hier in een achteruitgeschreven zin: 2g po repoL ed nav laanogaid ed ni taats 8a po neroT eD.} 17"... 17"... 17... * 
   
  [Event "Hoogovens"]   [Site "Wijk aan Zee NED"]   [Date "1992.01.23"]   [Round "11"]   [White "Yasser Seirawan"]   [Black "Loek van Wely"]   [Result "1-0"]   [SetUp "1"]   [FEN "r7/2pq1rbk/ppnpb1pn/3NppBp/1PP1P2P/P2P1PP1/3QN1B1/2R2RK1 b - - 0 17"]    {Wit maakt gebruik van een tactische mogelijkheid door de ‘clearance’ van de h1-a8-diagonaal, waar maar liefst 4 stukken op staan.} 17"... 17"... 17... a5  $2 18. b5 Nd8 19. exf5  Bxf5 20. g4  $1 hxg4 21. fxg4 Nxg4 22. Nxb6 cxb6 23. Bxa8  1-0

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De Wraak van Karpov

Gegevens: Geschreven door Hans Koonings; Gepubliceerd: 20 januari 2021

[Event "?"] 
[Site "?"] [Date "????.??.??"] [Round "?"] [White "Seirawan"] [Black "Karpov"] [Result "*"] [SetUp "1"] [FEN "r1b1r1k1/p1p1qpp1/np5p/3p4/Q2P4/2R2NP1/PP2PP1P/4KB1R b K - 4 13"]  {Zwart aan zet. Wat doe je? Voorlopig natuurlijk geen partij van mezelf. Maar ik heb iets leuks gevonden. Deze stelling kwam in hetzelfde jaar (1982) twee keer voor tussen Seirawan (met Wit) tegen wereldkampioen Karpov (met Zwart). Karpov is aan zet. De eerste partij in deze stelling verloor hij, na een verliezende zet vanuit de uitgangsdiagram. Seirawan geeft in meerdere van zijn lesboeken het Witte plan naar winst zeer leerzaam aan. De tweede partij won Karpov op een manier waarvan wij altijd dromen. Het was een blitz-partij, dus Seirawan was een beetje verontwaardigd dat Karpov deze partij van een analyse voorzag. Maar man, man, man, wat een partij. Zonder de idioot sterke grootmeester Seirawan te kort te willen doen, noem ik dit artikel: de wraak van Karpov. De idioot, idioot, idioot sterke wereldkampioen. Klik ergens op de puntjes (...) om de twee partijen te kunnen zien. Maar eerst uit je hoofd: wat speelt Zwart, wat doet Wit daarna en hoe reageert Zwart dan weer? Hoe diep kom je? Laat ik het wat gemakkelijker voor jullie maken: hoe ga je als Wit zijnde verder na 13. ...b5 en hoe na 13. ...c5? Uit je hoofd, kijk ook naar de zetten van je tegenstander. Zwart heeft namelijk een ontwikkelingsvoorsprong en wil best wel wat materiaal offeren om jouw Koning van rocheren af te houden. Mijn excuses dat de analyses in het Engels zijn (met in de eerste partij soms wat toevoegingen van mijzelf in het Nederlands). Het Engelse commentaar in de eerste partij komt van Seirawan zelf en is mega leerzaam. Het commentaar in de tweede partij heb ik overgenomen van  Chess.com .} 13...  * [Event "Phillips & Drew Kings"] 
[Site "London ENG"] [Date "1982.04.27"] [Round "11"] [White "Yasser Seirawan"] [Black "Anatoly Karpov"] [Result "1-0"] [EventDate "1982.04.15"] [ECO "D37"] [WhiteElo "?"] [BlackElo "?"] [PlyCount "61"]  {It's rare that the Soviets were out-prepared, but in this game against Yasser Seirawan, Anatoly Karpov found his prepared piece sacrifice (likely prepared by Efim Geller) refuted over the chess board in fine fashion. Seirawan commented: "Beating a World Champion is always exhilarating. This win was possible only because I remembered that a material surplus is one of the most important advantages you can possess and because I followed these rules: 1. After you gain material, immediately consolidate your position by developing all your pieces and ensuring your King's safety. --- 2. Once you have consolidated your position, seek out new goodies to devour. --- 3. If you have a large material advantage, don't hesitate to give up some of your gains if doing so will stop enemy threats while allowing you to remain equal or ahead in material."} 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. d4 Be7 5. Bg5 h6 6. Bh4 O-O 7. Rc1 b6 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Nxd5 exd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7 11. g3 Re8 12. Rc3 Na6 13. Qa4 c5 {The position shows the board after 13 moves in my 1982 game against the then World Champion, Anatoly Karpov. I am White, and I am behind in development. However, I have a chance to win a piece. After a thorough examination of the possibilities for both sides, I decide that I can take the piece and eventually get the rest of my pieces into play. I am well aware that this is the game's critical moment. If I can grab the piece and catch up in development, I will win this game. Study the following moves to see what I did.} 14. Re3 {This move takes the pressure off the e-file and attacks the Black Queen. Black has only one way to defend against this threat: by blocking the e-file.} Be6 {Now Black's Knight on a6 is left undefended and ready to pluck. [Note that I can counter a retreat like 1...Qd8 with 2.Rxe8+ because the White Queen on a4 is also eyeing the e8-square.} (14...Qd8 15. Rxe8+ Qxe8 16. Qxe8+) (14...Qd7 15. Rxe8+ Kh7 16. Qxd7 Bxd7 17. Rxa8) 15. Qxa6 {So I now have a material advantage. The question is, "Can I get my other pieces out and shuffle my King to safety?"} cxd4 {Black picks up a pawn, attacks my Rook, and opens up the c-file for his Rooks. The World Champion must play with energy, or else I'll succeed in consolidating my position.} 16. Rb3  $1 {I didn't fall for 3.Nxd4?? Qb4+ , which loses my d4-Knight.} ({Verliezend is:} 16. Nxd4  $2 Qb4+ 17. Rc3 Qxd4) ({Een beetje raar, maar mogelijk nog net goed genoeg voor winst, is:} 16. Rd3  $6 Qb4+ ({maar niet} 16...Bh3  $4 17. Rd2 {en Zwart heeft niets meer.} Bf5 18. Bg2 Rac8 19. O-O d3 20. exd3) 17. Kd1 Qxb2 18. Qa3 Qb1+ 19. Qc1 Qxa2 20. Ra3 Qc4 21. Qxc4 dxc4 22. Nxd4 Bd5 23. Rg1 Reb8 24. Kc2 Be4+ 25. Kc3 b5 26. Ra5 b4+ 27. Kxc4 Rc8+ 28. Rc5 Rxc5+ 29. Kxc5 Rb8 30. Bg2 Bxg2 31. Rxg2 b3 32. Rg1 a5 33. Nc6 Re8 34. e3 a4 35. Kb4 Re6 36. Nd4 Rf6 37. f3 Ra6 38. Ka3) ({Totaal verliezend is:} 16. Ra3  $4 Qb4+ 17. Nd2 Rac8 18. f3 Rc1+ 19. Kf2 Qxd2) Bf5 {Misschien was het stukoffer op deze zet gebaseerd. Zwart wint hierna materiaal terug met ...Lc2, maar staat totaal verloren.} 17. Bg2  $3 {De enige winnende zet, maar tegelijkertijd ook totaal winnend! The tempting 4.Nxd4?? is still a loser because, after Qc5 , there is no defense against the dual threats of ...Qc1 checkmate and ...Qxd4, which wins back the piece.} (17. Nxd4 Qc5 18. Rd3 Qb4+ 19. Rd2 Rac8 20. Kd1 Qc5 21. Ke1 Qb4  $10) Bc2 {Zwart wint materiaal terug, maar dit valt precies binnen het plan van Wit: eerst materiaal winnen, dan consolideren (de Koning in veiligheid brengen). Het teruggeven van materiaal (de kwaliteit) hoort bij dit plan van Wit.} 18. Nxd4 Bxb3 19. Nxb3 {By giving back a bit of material, I reduce Karpov's attacking force and make my defense easier. The material advantage of my two pieces vs. Black's Rook is still sufficient for victory if I can get my King out of the center. One of the strengths of a material advantage is that it gives you great defensive diversity; you can sacrifice some wood defensively and still come out ahead in the end. Remember this: A material advantage is a bit like ballast in a hot air balloon. If you start sinking, you can throw some of it over the side to stop your descent.} Rac8 20. Bf3  $1 {I defend my e2-pawn and create a hiding place for my King; [i.e. in the event of 7.Bf3 Qb4+ 8.Kf1 followed by Kg2, which has White burrowing in on the kingside. Notice how I avoid the time-wasting 7.Bxd5? even though it grabs a pawn. I don't intend to capture anything else until I get my King to a safe place! Once that is done, I'll give my greed full rein.} ({Ook winnend is:} 20. Bxd5 Qd7 (20...Qb4+ 21. Kf1 Rc2 22. Bf3) 21. Bf3) Rc2 21. O-O {My King's safety is finally taken care of! With His Majesty tucked away, it's time to launch my own threats.} Rxb2 22. Rd1 {Alle zetten winnen nu voor Wit, maar Seirawan kiest voor een plan. Stage one was winning material, and stage two was consolidation and King security. With this move, I begin stage three: attack and destroy Black's weak spots, the first of which is his d5-pawn.} Rd8 23. Nd4  $1 {I centralize my Knight and threaten 24.Nc6 with a juicy fork.} Rd7 {[Note that 10...Qd7 stops Nd4-c6 but fails to 11.Qa3 , when Black's b2-Rook is ensnared!} (23...Qd7 24. Qa3 Rb5 25. Nxb5 Qxb5 26. Qxa7) 24. Nc6 {Heel veel zetten wonnen hier voor Wit. Serrawan gaat voor de winst van de Zwarte pion op a7. Die pionwinst is gebaseerd op een aantal venijgige tactics: DON’T TRY THIS AT HOME!!! Als je de tactics van Seirawan niet ziet, kun je altijd nog zoiets "simpels" spelen als 24. Pf5. Maar let op, dit is alleen "simpel" in de zin dat je niets hoeft uit te rekenen. De uiteindelijke winst is wat minder simpel. Zij het dat Wit een enorme voorsprong heeft. Als je de tactische oplossing wel ziet, zoals de elite Grootmeester Seirawan, dan is deze misscjien wel een stuk simpeler dan het eindeloze geschuif in de variant die ik hierna geef.} ({Als je de tactische variant niet ziet, kun je natuurlijk ook strategisch voortborduren naar winst:} 24. Nf5 Qf6 25. Qa3 Rc2 26. Ne3 Rc3 27. Qa4 Qc6 28. Qd4 Rc1 29. Rxc1 Qxc1+ 30. Kg2 Qc5 31. Qg4 Rd6 32. Nf5 Rg6 33. Qf4 Re6 34. Qb8+ Qf8 35. Qxa7 b5 36. Bxd5 Rxe2 37. Ne3 h5 38. Qd4 {en Zwart heeft geen goede zetten meer.}) Qe8 25. Nxa7 {My material advantage once again becomes pronounced. This meal was quite satisfying at the time, because there is nothing I like more than devouring my opponent's pieces and pawns.} Rc7 {Je moet wel gekeken hebben naar wat je doet na 25... Da8, met een dubbele aanval op het gepende Witte Paard.} (25...Qa8 26. Qa3 Rc2 27. Qb3 Rc4 28. Nb5 Qa4 29. e3 Rb4 30. Qxa4 Rxa4 31. Rd2) 26. a4 {After eating one of my opponents pawns, my Knight found itself out of play on the side of the board. With this move, I am protecting the b5-square and preparing for the Knight's return to the center. In so doing, I am once again sticking to the plan: Take material and then consolidate the position.} Qa8 {Black pins my Knight, but I have prepared a trick of my own.} 27. Rxd5  $1 {Dit was de tactic die Wit in petto had!} Qxa7 {Now 14...Rxa7 15.Qd3 leaves Black without an answer to 29.Rd8+, which captures the Black Queen.} (27...Rxa7 28. Qd3 Qxd5 29. Qxd5 Kh7 30. Qd8 Ra2 31. Qe8 R2xa4 32. Bd5 Rd4 33. Bxf7) 28. Rd8+ Kh7 29. Qd3+ f5 {A sad necessity. If Black plays 16...g6 , then 17.Qd4 carries the double threat of Qd4xb2, which wins the Rook, and Qd4-h8 checkmate. Black would be forced to give up his f-pawn by playing Rb1+ 18.Kg2 f6 19.Qxf6 and a fate similar to the one that occurred in the actual game.} (29...g6 30. Qd4 f6 31. Qxb2) 30. Qxf5+ g6 31. Qe6  $1 {Goed gezien: de snelste weg naar winst! Black gives up because he sees that 18.Qe6 h5 (note that 18...Rg7 19.Qe8 renews my threats against his King) 19.Qg8+ Kh6 20.Qh8+ creates a double attack on his King and Rook on b2, with the inevitable loss of the Rook. Maar Wit staat natuurlijk zo goed, dat alle andere zetten ook wonnen.} ({Ook winnend is:} 31. Qf8 Rc1+ 32. Kg2 Qg7 33. Qe8 {En het is niet te zien wat Zwart nu nog kan doen.}) ({Wit gaf op vanwege:} 31. Qe6  $1 h5 (31...Rc1+ 32. Kg2 Qg7 33. Be4 Rc7 34. Qe8 Rf7 35. Bxg6+ Kxg6 36. Qe4+ Rf5 37. g4) 32. Qg8+ ({Of} 32. Be4 Rb1+ 33. Kg2 Rg1+ 34. Kxg1 Rc1+ 35. Kg2 Qg7 36. Bxg6+ Qxg6 37. Qd7+ Qg7 38. Qf5+ Kh6 39. Rd6+ Qf6 40. Rxf6+ Kg7 41. Rg6+ Kh8 42. Qxh5#) Kh6 33. Qh8+ ({Of opnieuw} 33. Be4 Rb1+ 34. Kg2 Rc6 35. Qh8+ Qh7 36. Qe5 Rg1+ 37. Kxg1 Rc1+ 38. Kg2 Rc5 39. Qf6 h4 40. Rh8 h3+ 41. Kf3 Rc3+ 42. e3 Rc6 43. Qf4+ Kh5 44. Rxh7#) Rh7 34. Qxb2 {En Wit wint zonder ook nog maar 1 tel te hoeven nadenken.}) 1-0 [Event "Hamburg TV"] 
  [Site "Hamburg TV"]   [Date "1982.??.??"]   [Round "1"]   [White "Yasser Seirawan"]   [Black "Anatoly Karpov"]   [Result "0-1"]   [ECO "D37"]   [PlyCount "60"]    {In this game, Karpov gets his vengeance, sacrificing first a pawn, then a piece, then a rook to force a beautiful checkmating position.  The circumstances behind this game were slightly odd though as it was a rapid game (G60) played for a TV audience. Seirawan argued in "Chess Duels" that Karpov should not then have annotated it for Informant. What do you think? Can a rapid game be as worthy of analysis as a classical game? I certainly think so, and I hope you enjoy my analysis of what I consider one of the best and most instructive rapid chess games in history!} 1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. d4 Be7 5. Bg5 h6 6. Bh4 O-O 7. Rc1 b6 8. cxd5 Nxd5 9. Nxd5 exd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7 11. g3 (11. e3 {Seirawan comments that this was actually the most common move at the time, and his g3 was the innovative approach. Today the statistics are reversed as g3 is far more popular, and it performs quite well.}) Re8 12. Rc3 (12. Bg2 {Computer analysis shows that this is playable though Black can be very aggressive.} Ba6 13. Ne5 {Into the lion's maw. The knight is immediately challenged, and White still has not castled. The game must heat up from here.} Nd7 14. Rxc7 {The greedy approach is also possible, even if it is risky.} (14. f4  $5) (14. Nd3  $5) Rac8  $1 {Sacing the piece! Black has total compensation.} 15. Rxd7 Qb4+ 16. Kf1 Qxd4  $1 {A beautiful back rank trap!} 17. Nd3 {the only way to save the knight and deny checkmate.} (17. Qxd4  $4 Rc1+ 18. Qd1 Rxd1#) Rxe2  $1 {Another blow!} 18. Kxe2 Re8+ 19. Kf1 (19. Kf3  $4 Qe4#) Qxd3+ (19...Bxd3+ {Leads immediately to a funny perpetual.} 20. Kg1 Re2 21. Qf1 Re5 22. Qc1 Re2 23. Qf1 Re5) 20. Qxd3 Bxd3+ 21. Kg1 Bf5 {This is slightly more challenging, but the game still should be drawn after this forced line.} (21...Re1+ 22. Bf1 Bxf1 23. Rd8+ {White must move the rook from the light square.} Kh7 24. h4 Bd3+ 25. Kh2 Re2 {Black has full compensation for the exchange though computer states 0.00.}) 22. Bxd5 Bxd7 23. Kg2) Na6 13. Qa4 b5  $1 {Karpov had a lethal improvement ready when Seirawan played the same line a few months later. It was in a tournament filmed by the BBC, where the players recorded their thoughts and ideas straight after the game, as if it was live commentary. Seirawan's stream-of-consciousness was brilliant - the best bit of chess TV I've seen, and among the best TV of any kind.  Something like ... "I don't believe this, he's playing the same line I beat him with ... but I've been through this so many times, showing it off ... how could anything go wrong? I'm going to beat Karpov again. Uh-oh, he varied with ...b5. But it must be a bluff. I just carry on, and oh no. No no no. I'm lost. It's so hot in here. Why did I wear a tie?"  A great performer, Yasser. And not just on the chessboard.} (13...c5  $2 {This mistaken piece sac was previously played by Karpov against Seirawan. Seirawan won that game and annotated it in his good Winning Chess Brilliancies.} 14. Re3 Be6 15. Qxa6 cxd4 16. Rb3 Bf5 17. Bg2 Bc2 18. Nxd4 Bxb3 19. Nxb3 {and Seirawan converted.}) (13...Qe4  $2 {This move is not immediately possible because the e8-rook is loose.} 14. Nd2  $1 {hitting the queen and covering b1.} Qxh1 15. Qxe8+ {White's active pieces secure a large advantage.}) 14. Qa5  $2 {White seeks positional control over Black's weak squares on the queenside, but the position will be decided tactically, not positionally.} (14. Qc2 {A suggestion by Korchnoi. This is preferable and playable, but Black still gets the better side of things.} c5  $1 {Breaks like ...c5 beg to be played when one side is uncastled. The pawn sac opens lines, destroying White's illusion of control over the position.} 15. dxc5 Nb4 {There are now many forks in the road ahead, but suffice to say that the threats of ...Nxa2, ...Qe4, and Bg4 secure Black a fine position.}) (14. Qxb5 Rb8 {is obviously terrible. Black immediately regains the pawn with greater activity.}) Qe4  $1 15. Kd2 {Forced. Otherwise, ...Qb1+ kills.} Re6 {The loose rook on e8 is secured against the threat of Re3.} 16. b3 (16. Re3  $1 Qb1 17. Qa3) (16. b4 {was Karpov's post-game suggestion.}) b4  $1 (16...Qb1  $2 17. Rc2 {The black queen is more likely to be trapped than to deliver checkmate.}) 17. Re3 (17. Rc2 {or Rc1. Both attempt to keep the rook as a defender of the king, stopping ...Qb1.} Rb8 {The white queen is essentially helpless against ...Bd7 and ...Rb5!}) Qb1 18. Rxe6 Qb2+ 19. Kd1 (19. Ke3 {Running up the board is a rather doomed escape attempt.} Qc1+ 20. Kd3 (20. Nd2 Qc3+) Qc3#) Bxe6  $1 {The knight is sacrificed! Black risks nothing here since there is always an easy perpetual.} 20. Qxa6 Qa1+ 21. Kd2 Qc3+ 22. Kd1 Bf5  $1 {Mates starting with both ...Qc2+ and ...Bc2+ are threatened.} 23. Ne1 (23. e3 {The only other realistic attempt to avoid checkmate.} Be4  $1 {There is simply no safe way to defend the attacked knight.} 24. Bg2 (24. Be2 Bc2+ 25. Kc1 Bd3+ 26. Kd1 Qc2+ 27. Ke1 Qxe2# {is a mating pattern all should know.}) (24. Qe2 Qa1+ 25. Kd2 Qxa2+ 26. Ke1 Qb1+ 27. Kd2 Qc2+ 28. Ke1 Qc1+ 29. Qd1 Qxd1+ 30. Kxd1 Bxf3+ {picks up the rook.}) (24. Ke2 Qc2+ 25. Nd2 Bxh1 26. Ke1 Qc1+ 27. Ke2 Qc2 28. Ke1 Qc3 29. Ke2 c5) Bd3 {Threatens the queen and checkmate with ...Qc2+.}) (23. e3 Be4 24. Ke2 Qc2+ 25. Nd2 Bxh1 26. Ke1 Qc1+ 27. Ke2 Rd8 28. Qxa7 (28. Qb7 a5 29. Bh3 Kh7 30. Qb5 Qc2 31. Qd3+ Be4 32. Qxc2 Bxc2) Rd6 29. Qa4) Rb8 (23...c5 {The caveman approach is also effective.} 24. dxc5 Rc8 25. Nd3 Rxc5  $1 {The white knight is overloaded.} 26. Nxc5 (26. Qd6 Bxd3 27. exd3 Qc2+ 28. Ke1 Rc6) Qc2+ 27. Ke1 Qc1#) 24. Qxa7 Rb6 25. e3 (25. Qa8+ {Karpov told Seirawan after the game that had he played this way, he would have taken a perpetual. Perhaps with time to consider the position, he would have found the way to claim the full point.} Kh7 26. Qxd5 Qa1+ 27. Kd2 Qxa2+ 28. Ke3 {Running up with the king doesn't work in any of the variations.} (28. Kd1 Qa1+ 29. Kd2 Qc3+ 30. Kd1 Be6 31. Qe4+ g6) Re6+ 29. Kf3 (29. Kf4 Qd2+ 30. Kxf5 Qg5#) Be4+ {This move does not end the variation.} 30. Qxe4+ Rxe4 31. Kxe4 Qa8+ {A gorgeous corner to corner skewer.} 32. d5 f5+ 33. Ke5 Qa1+ {The pattern of checking of one corner, then the other, and then back is unique and quite lovely.}) Rc6 26. Bc4  $5 {Resourceful! Seirawan breaks the connection between the queen and rook. The rook is now threatened by the fork Qa8+!} (26. Ke2 Bg4+ {Closing off escape via f3.} 27. f3 Qb2+ 28. Kd1 Rc1#) Qa1+ 27. Ke2 Qb2+ 28. Kd1 (28. Kf1 Bh3+ 29. Kg1 Qd2 {A beautiful position. White has no resources left with which to stop mate.}) (28. Kf3 Be4+ {After the king moves, the rook on h1 cannot immediately be taken, but there are many ways to win. The easies is a rook check followed by the capture of h1.}) dxc4  $1 {The rook is not needed.} 29. Qa8+ Kh7 30. Qxc6 c3 {Mate is forced. A delightful final position.} 0-1

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Tactische puzzle

De Wraak van Karpov

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